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Published in electronic ·

The Chemical Brothers

Star Guitar

'Star Guitar' is The Chemical Brothers' slowly blooming 2002 single, built on four bars of acoustic guitar sampled from David Bowie's 'Starman', and the song behind Michel Gondry's famous one-shot train-window video.

Review

Genre and Mood

The Chemical Brothers made Star Guitar gentler than their big-beat reputation suggests. It is a post-disco house track that blooms slowly, all repetition and patience, and its hypnotic pull comes from one small borrowed guitar figure.

Song Summary

The track is built on a four-bar acoustic guitar sample from the start of David Bowie’s “Starman”, repeated through most of its length; it also uses an electronic sample of “Fly to Venus” by Electronic System. Around that loop Tom Rowlands and Ed Simons layer a Giorgio Moroder-style synth bass, bright guitars and shifting synthesizers. Nothing dramatic happens and nothing needs to: the pleasure is in hearing a few seconds of guitar turn into a four-minute groove.

Musical Breakdown

Intro: Setting the Rhythm

A steady beat establishes the pulse, and the guitar figure enters almost at once. It is the “star guitar” of the title, taken from “Starman”, and it will be there for nearly the whole track.

Build-up: Layering Sounds

Synthesizer pads and percussion come in one at a time. The guitar loop does not change; what changes is everything around it.

Main Section: The Hypnotic Core

With the synth bass in full flow, the track settles into its groove. Small additions and subtractions keep it moving, and Rolling Stone’s reviewer called it “slowly blooming” for good reason.

Bridge: Texture and Space

Midway through, some elements drop out, leaving space for the textures that remain, before the arrangement fills back in.

Climax: Peak Energy

The full arrangement returns, beats, synths and the guitar loop together, at the track’s most intense.

Outro: Gentle Descent

Layers fall away in turn until the track comes to rest.

Concepts in Focus

Star Guitar is a clear lesson in sampling. Its central sound was not played for this record: it is four bars of acoustic guitar from the opening of David Bowie’s “Starman” (1972), cut out of its original song and given a new job. Listen to how unrecognisable a familiar record becomes once its fragment is set to a new beat.

That fragment works as a loop. Repeated almost without change, it becomes the fixed point against which every other layer is measured, and the track’s sense of motion comes from what is added and taken away around it. The same principle drives Daft Punk – Harder, Better, Faster, Stronger.

The music video is one of the most studied in the form. Michel Gondry filmed the view from a train between Nîmes and Valence, ten times at different times of day, and edited it into a single apparent shot in which buildings, poles, bridges and industrial sites pass the window exactly in time with the beat, the bass and the guitar. He planned the synchronisation on graph paper and modelled the scenery with oranges, forks and tennis shoes. Watching it is a way of seeing the arrangement: each kind of object stands for one musical part.

Visual Companion

The music video for “Star Guitar”, directed by Michel Gondry, is as famous as the song. Based on footage he shot on holiday in France, it passes Pierrelatte station, Miramas and Avignon, and turns the track’s layers into a landscape. Gondry had already used the same idea of mapping each sound to something on screen in Daft Punk – Around the World. Released on 14 January 2002 as the second single from Come with Us, Star Guitar reached number 8 in the UK and number 1 on the UK dance chart, and Slant later ranked it among the best singles of the 2000s.

Learn from this track

Introductory

What you will learn

  • Explain how a short sample, repeated as a loop, can become the identity of a whole track.
  • Follow how a repetitive dance track changes by adding and removing layers rather than by changing its theme.
  • Describe how Michel Gondry's video maps each musical element to a kind of object passing the train window.

Listening guide

  1. the intro The steady beat and the four-bar acoustic guitar figure from Bowie's Starman, the loop that gives the track its name.
  2. the build-up Synthesizer layers and percussion arrive one by one around the unchanging guitar loop.
  3. the main section The Giorgio Moroder-style synth bass under bright guitars: the post-disco engine Slant's reviewer heard.
  4. the stripped middle Elements drop away and the remaining textures stand out, before the full arrangement returns.

Concepts in this track

music video

57 tracks

A short film made to accompany a song. Since MTV it has shaped how songs are remembered, and on YouTube it is often the main way a song is heard.

loop

19 tracks

A section of sound repeated seamlessly. Loops, from tape to software, are the building block of hip-hop, house and techno, where change comes from what is added or taken away.

sampling

25 tracks

Taking a fragment of an existing recording and reusing it in a new one, as a loop, a chop or a texture. Sampling is central to hip-hop and dance music and raises questions of credit and copyright.

Listen next, and why

Questions for discussion

  1. The guitar loop barely changes for four minutes. Why does the track not feel static?
  2. Watch Gondry's video with the sound off, then with it on. Which musical parts can you match to buildings, poles and bridges?
  3. When a few seconds of another artist's song become the core of a new track, how much of the result belongs to each of them?

References

  1. Wikipedia. Star Guitar. Encyclopedia
  2. MusicBrainz. Star Guitar (recording). Database

Weighted overlap of genres, feelings and moods.

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