Glossary // Glossary term Theoretical

Dual process model of bereavement

A model of coping with loss proposed by Stroebe and Schut that distinguishes loss-oriented stressors, such as yearning and reminders, from restoration-oriented stressors, such as new roles and practical tasks. Adaptive coping is described as oscillation between confronting and avoiding each, including respite from grieving. It was proposed as an alternative to the grief work hypothesis, which holds that loss must be worked through.

Where the site uses it

Grief and mourning rituals: what rituals do, and where grief becomes a clinical question
Most bereaved people adapt without professional help, and rituals after a loss were followed by lower grief in experiments. This note reviews rituals, continuing bonds and the dual process model, and marks the clinical boundary of prolonged grief.
Mark a loss with a ritual that gives structure, not pressure to express
Rituals after a loss were followed by lower grief in experiments, apparently by restoring a sense of control. How to use a simple ritual, why grief need not be forced out, and when grief warrants professional help.

Studies behind it

The works the definition rests on, with the level of evidence each was appraised at.

Stroebe, M., & Schut, H. (1999). The dual process model of coping with bereavement: Rationale and description. doi:10.1080/074811899201046

Level D Theory

Supports the claim that the model describes oscillation between loss-oriented and restoration-oriented coping, including respite from grieving, as adaptive, and that it was proposed in response to criticism of the grief work hypothesis. A model with discussed but not pooled empirical support.