Glossary // Glossary term Technical

Cortisol awakening response

The marked rise in cortisol over roughly the first 30 to 45 minutes after waking in the morning, usually measured from saliva samples that participants collect at home. It has been related to a wide range of psychosocial and health variables, but its measurement depends critically on sampling exactly on schedule from the moment of waking. Expert consensus guidelines call for objective checks of sampling times, because small delays can distort the estimate and produce spurious associations.

Where the site uses it

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Studies behind it

The works the definition rests on, with the level of evidence each was appraised at.

  • Stalder, T., Kirschbaum, C., Kudielka, B. M., Adam, E. K., Pruessner, J. C., Wüst, S., Dockray, S., Smyth, N., Evans, P., Hellhammer, D. H., Miller, R., Wetherell, M. A., Lupien, S. J., & Clow, A. (2016). Assessment of the cortisol awakening response: Expert consensus guidelines. doi:10.1016/j.psyneuen.2015.10.010

    Level D Review

    Supports technical statements about the cortisol awakening response and the dependence of its measurement on accurate, verified sampling times. Expert consensus, not a test of what the response indicates.