Studies // Cited work
Ruminative self-focus and negative affect: An experience sampling study
Moberly, N. J., & Watkins, E. R. (2008). Ruminative self-focus and negative affect: An experience sampling study.
Level C Longitudinal study doi:10.1037/0021-843X.117.2.314
What this study supports
Supports the claims that momentary ruminative self-focus and negative affect predicted each other at the next occasion, and that brooding but not reflective pondering was associated with higher negative affect. Experience sampling; reciprocal association, not causation.
- Who was studied
- 93 adults sampled eight times daily for one week.
- Design
- Longitudinal study
- Level of evidence
- Longitudinal and repeated-measures studies without random assignment.
Claims that rest on it
Each claim states what the site asserts, at what strength, and with what caveat.
EmpiricalLevel CConfidence MODERATE
In experience sampling, momentary rumination and negative affect predicted each other at the next occasion, and brooding but not reflective pondering was associated with higher negative affect.
- Scope
- Adults sampled eight times a day for one week.
- Caveat
- A reciprocal association in observational data, not a demonstration of cause.
Last reviewed · Review due · rumination-and-negative-affect-reciprocal