Studies // Cited work

Emotion regulation: Current status and future prospects

Gross, J. J. (2015). Emotion regulation: Current status and future prospects.

Level D Review doi:10.1080/1047840X.2014.940781

What this study supports

Supports the conceptual claims that the process model groups strategies by the point at which they act and that the extended process model adds identification, selection and implementation stages. It selects evidence to illustrate the model rather than testing it.

Who was studied
Not applicable: a narrative review of emotion regulation research.
Design
Review
Level of evidence
Cross-sectional, observational, qualitative work and narrative reviews.

Claims that rest on it

Each claim states what the site asserts, at what strength, and with what caveat.

TheoreticalLevel DConfidence HIGH

The process model of emotion regulation groups strategies into situation selection, situation modification, attentional deployment, cognitive change and response modulation according to the point in emotion generation at which they act; the extended process model adds identification, selection and implementation stages.

Scope
The structure of the model as stated by its author.
Caveat
The model is a heuristic framework; the families overlap in practice, and it is one of several ways to classify regulation.

Last reviewed · Review due · process-model-strategy-families

TheoreticalLevel DConfidence MODERATE

Read through the process model, venting combines response modulation (acting on expression once an emotion is under way) with attentional deployment towards the cause and the feeling, whereas reappraisal is cognitive change; this placement is an interpretation by this site.

Scope
A conceptual classification used to connect the venting literature with the process model.
Caveat
The cited authors do not classify venting in these words; forms of venting that include reflection also involve cognitive change.

Last reviewed · Review due · venting-located-in-process-model

TheoreticalLevel DConfidence MODERATE

Reappraisal is defined as changing the appraisal of a situation or of one's goals, and instructed cognitive change reliably shifts emotional outcomes; whether its effects run specifically through changed appraisals is less directly tested.

Scope
The conceptual link between appraisal theory and reappraisal research.
Caveat
Graded as theory because the mechanism, not the effect, is the claim; the effect itself is supported by meta-analytic experimental evidence.

Last reviewed · Review due · reappraisal-targets-appraisal